Transliteration:( Wa laqad sadaqakumul laahu wa'dahooo iz tahussoo nahum bi iznihee hattaaa izaa fashiltum wa tanaaza'tum fil amri wa 'asaitum mim ba'di maaa araakum maa tuhibboon; minkum mai yureedud dunyaa wa minkum mai yureedul Aakhirah; summa sarafakum 'anhum liyabtaliyakum wa laqad 'afaa 'ankum; wallaahu zoo fadlin 'alal mu'mineen )
325. i.e. The promise that Allah Almighty made of victory, He had said: "You are the very same who shall overcome if you have faith" (S3:V139). He had also said: "If there will be twenty of you patient, they will overcome two hundred†(S8:V65). That promise was fulfilled in the Battle of Uhud when you were made to overpower the disbelievers. Then you had left the Uhud Pass in your desire to gain the booty, seeing which the enemy returned and attacked and this changed victory into defeat. This defeat is due to your own error, not the breaking of Allah Almighty's promise.
326. Weakness means you became drawn towards the spoils of war, and the desire for wealth is indeed a cause of showing weakness, while quarrel refers to disobeying the order of your leader Hazrat Abdullah bin Jabeer (On whom be peace) not to desert the Pass of Uhud yet, you did not obey him and left your position to grab the war booty, although it is incumbent on you to obey your leader.
327. This refers to the enemy taking to their heels, and your overpowering them, because the disbelievers in the Battle of Uhud had initially fled from the battlefield. Only after seeing the Pass unprotected, did the enemy attack from behind, which changed the entire picture of the war.
328. Those who left their position in pursuit of the war booty were the seekers of worldly possessions like these Companions of Hazrat Abdullah ibn Jabeer (On whom be peace) who were placed to guard the Pass of Uhud, while those who remained firmly at their post with their leader ibn Jabeer and were martyred, were the seekers of the Hereafter. It is important to know that, here, the word 'world does not denote the world, which is in opposition to Religion as this is contemptible. On the contrary, if booty is sought through unlawful means then this is seeking the world, but if it is sought by lawful means then it is a religious act, and part of military procedure.
329. "He forgave you", tells us that those believers who fled from the battlefield of Uhud have been forgiven. Thus, if anyone describes this incident with the intention of degrading them is bereft of Faith. Likewise, Hazrat Adam (On whom be peace) eating of the wheat, too. is forgiven by Allah Almighty, and if anyone tries to reproach him, such a person is a disbeliever. In fact, any fault of those whose forgiveness is declared by Allah Almighty is far better than our obedience as we are not sure of its acceptance.
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The tafsir of Surah Imran verse 152 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Imran ayat 149 which provides the complete commentary from verse 149 through 153.
(3:152) Allah surely fulfilled His promise (of succour) when you were slaying them by His leave until the moment when you flagged and quarrelled among yourselves about the matter, and acted against the order of (the Prophet). Soon He showed you what you had intensely desired – for some among you sought this world and some of you sought the Next. Thereupon, in order to put you to a test He turned you away from your foes. Still He pardoned you after that[109] for Allah is Bounteous to those who believe.
109. The failure of the Muslims was of such a serious nature that had God not pardoned them they might have been obliterated there and then. It was out of God’s grace, support and patronage that after the Muslims had been overpowered by the enemy the latter were seized with perplexity and confusion, and withdrew.
[148]- i.e., the spoils of war.
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