Transliteration:( Innamaa waliyyukumul laahu wa Rasooluhoo wal lazeena aamanul lazeena yuqeemoonas Salaata wa yu'toonaz Zakaata wa hum raaki'oon )
“Only Allah is your friend [174], and His Messenger, and the believers who establish Prayer, pay Zakat, and bow down before Allah [175].”
The term ‘friend’ (Wali) here is understood as protector, helper, or supporter, and not as a title for a caliphate or political leadership such as that of Hazrat Ali (May Allah be pleased with him). Several reasons clarify this:
Allah and His Messenger are included as friends, yet they are not referred to as caliphs here. The term ‘friend’ cannot simultaneously mean different offices or statuses.
At the time of this verse’s revelation, Hazrat Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) was not yet the Caliph, so the verse cannot be referring specifically to his caliphate.
The word ‘only’ is used for emphasis to indicate exclusivity of true friendship or guardianship, not to limit political leadership to one individual. Accepting such an interpretation would invalidate the legitimate leadership of other rightly guided Caliphs and Imams.
This verse was revealed concerning Hazrat Abdullah ibn Salaam (May Allah be pleased with him), a Jewish scholar who had initially distanced himself and vowed to boycott the Muslims.
Allah reassures the believers that even if the Jews sever ties and reject them, true support lies with Allah Almighty, His Messenger ﷺ, and the sincere believers who perform Prayer (Salah), pay Zakat, and humbly bow down in worship.
This highlights the spiritual and social bond among the faithful, independent of external rejection or hostility.
The tafsir of Surah Maidah verse 55 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Maidah ayat 54 which provides the complete commentary from verse 54 through 56.
(5:55) Only Allah, His Messenger, and those who believe and who establish Prayer, pay Zakah, and bow (before Allah) are your allies.
There is no commentary by Abul Maududi available for this verse.
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