Transliteration:( Qul yawmal fath hi laa yanfa'ul lazeena kafarooo eemaanuhum wa laa hum yunzaroon )
"Please declare; 'On the Day of Victory the faithfulness of the infidels shall not benefit [56] them, and nor will they get time [57].'"
If the "Day of Victory" refers to the Conquest of Makkah, then this verse indicates that if the disbelievers, at that final moment, declare faith merely to save their lives, such belief will not be accepted.
Their declaration is seen as insincere, much like the belief shown after seeing Divine punishment, which holds no spiritual value.
A historical example:
During the Conquest of Makkah, when the Banu Kananah tribe tried to escape and later professed faith, Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed did not accept it due to the circumstantial pressure, and they were punished accordingly. (Tafseer Jamal, Khazain al-Irfan)
If the "Day of Victory" is interpreted as the Day of Judgement, then the verse clearly means that faith expressed by the infidels at that time will not be accepted, as the period of belief and repentance will have passed.
This also teaches that if an infidel, during war or captivity, recites the Kalimah solely to deceive the believers and save his life, then such a declaration is not genuine and not acceptable.
Thus, in such cases, executing such individuals is permitted.
For example: during battle, if an enemy recites the Kalimah upon capture, but it's clear he does so out of fear, his declaration lacks sincerity, and punishment is allowed as per the precedent set by the Prophet’s companions.
The tafsir of Surah Sajdah verse 29 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Sajdah ayat 28 which provides the complete commentary from verse 28 through 30.
(32:29) Tell them: “If the unbelievers were to believe on the Day of Judgement that will not avail them. For then they will be granted no respite.”[42]
42. That is, “It is not a thing for which you should feel so impatient and restless. When the torment of Allah comes, you will get no time to mend your ways. Make the best of the time which is available before the coming of the torment. If you will believe only when you see the torment, it will not avail you anything then.”
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