Transliteration:( Wa minhum mai yaqoolu' zal lee wa laa taftinneee; alaa fil fitnati saqatoo; wa inna Jahannama lamuheetatum bil kaafireen )
140. Reason for its revelation: The Holy Prophet had instructed Jud bin Qais, a hypocrite, to get ready to participate in the Battle of Tabuk. He replied that my people are aware of how much passion I have for women. If I go to fight the Romans there is a danger that I could become infatuated with their beautiful women, which could prove problematic for me. Thus kindly do not take me there lest I fall prey to any mischief and temptation. In response this verse was revealed.
141. By this is meant not participating in the battle, disobeying the order of the Holy Prophet to mock at him, etc. are ? grave forms of mischief.
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49. And among them is he who says: “Grant me leave and put me not into trial.” Surely, they have fallen into trial. And verily, Hell is surrounding the disbelievers.) Allah says, some hypocrites say to you, O Muhammad ,
(Grant me leave), to stay behind,
(and put me not into trial.), if I go with you and see the women of the Romans. Allah, the Exalted, replied,
(Surely, they have fallen into trial) because of the statement they uttered. Muhammad bin Ishaq reported from Az-Zuhri, Yazid bin Ruwman, `Abdullah bin Abi Bakr, `Asim bin Qatadah and several others that they said, “The Messenger of Allah said to Al-Jadd bin Qays from Bani Salimah,
(`Would you like to fight the yellow ones (Romans) this year) He said, `O Allah’s Messenger! Give me permission (to remain behind) and do not cause Fitnah for me. By Allah! My people know that there is not a man who is more fond of women than I. I fear that if I see the women of the yellow ones, I would not be patient.’ The Messenger of Allah turned away from him and said,
(I give you permission.) In Al-Jadd’s case, this Ayah was revealed,
(And among them is he who says: “Grant me leave and put me not into trial.”) Therefore, Allah says that the Fitnah that he fell into because of not joining the Messenger of Allah (in Jihad) and preferring his safety to the safety of the Messenger is worse than the Fitnah that he falsely claimed to fear.” It was reported from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others that this Ayah was revealed in the case of Al-Jadd bin Qays, who was among the chiefs of Bani Salimah. It is also recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah asked,
(Who is your chief, O Bani Salamah) They said, “Al-Jadd bin Qays, although we consider him a miser.” The Messenger of Allah said,
(There is not a disease worse than stinginess! Therefore, your chief is the white young man with curly hair, Bishr bin Al-Bara’ bin Ma’rur.) Allah said next,
(And verily, Hell is surrounding the disbelievers.) and they will never be able to avoid, avert, or escape from it.
(9:49) And among them is he who says: “Grant me leave to stay behind, and do not expose me to temptation.”[48] Lo! They have already fallen into temptation.[49] Surely Hell encompasses the unbelievers.[50]
48. Some of the hypocrites, who were requesting the Prophet (peace be upon him) to give them leave to stay behind on one pretext or the other, were so impudent that they were inventing excuses of a religious or moral nature for refraining from Jihad in the Way of Allah. One of these was Jad-bin-Qais, who, according to traditions came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said. “I am a lover of beauty and my people know that I am very weak in regard to women: therefore I am afraid to go forth lest the beauty of the Roman women should beguile me into sin. Therefore, “do not put me into trial.”
49. Though they wanted exemption, they had already fallen as a prey to the temptations of telling lies, of double dealings and hypocrisy. They deluded themselves that they would be considered pious people, if they would put forward the fear of temptations to avoid Jihad, when, in fact; they had already fallen into the greatest possible temptation of refraining from Jihad in the conflict between Islam and kufr.
50. That is, “Such a show of piety has not taken them away from Hell; nay, on the other hand, the same thing has caused them to be entangled in the clutches of Hell.”
[484]- By avoiding their obligation, they fell into destruction.
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