Transliteration:( Wa izaa massal insaanad durru da'aanaa li jambiheee aw qaa'idan aw qaaa'iman falammaa kashafnaa 'anhu durrahoo marra ka an lam yad'unaaa ilaa durrin massah; kazaalika zuyyina lilmusrifeena maa kaanoo ya'maloon )
36. Here man refers to infidels, hence they have been described in the latter part of the verse as extravagants. This means during times of difficulties the infidels pray to Allah Almighty in sitting and standing positions, but in their time of ease they forget Him. But a believer remembers Allah Almighty under all circumstances; in ease he expresses gratitude, in difficulty he is patient, in joy he sings his praises, in sorrow he recites; from Allah we are and unto Him is our return.Â
In short at all times he is engaged in the remembrance of Allah Almighty
37. This is done either due to his supplication or due to Allah Almighty's bounty and kindness. From this we learn that some supplications of the infidels are accepted. However none of their prayers in the Hereafter will be accepted. Says Allah Almighty: "And the prayers of the disbelievers are nothing but utterance of ignorance". (S13:V14) Hence there is no inconsistency in the verse.
38. By this is meant when he is relieved of the difficulties he once again engages himself into infidelity, thereby forgetting his period of difficulties. The believer always remembers his. difficulties and is always grateful to Allah Almighty.
39. This tells us that remembering Allah Almighty in one's difficulties only, and forgetting Him in your comfort is the way of the infidels. Patience during calamities, and gratitude during comfort are the qualities of a believer
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12. And when harm touches man, he invokes Us, lying on his side, or sitting or standing. But when We have removed his harm from him, he passes on as if he had never invoked Us for a harm that touched him! Thus it is made fair seeming to the wasteful that which they used to do.
Allah tells us about man and how he becomes annoyed and worried when he is touched with distress.
(but when evil touches him, then he has recourse to long supplications.)﴿41:51﴾ `Long supplications’ also means many supplications. When man suffers adversity he becomes worried and anxious. So he supplicates more. He prays to Allah to lift and remove the adversity. He prays while standing, sitting or laying down. When Allah removes his adversity and lifts his distress, he turns away and becomes arrogant. He goes on as if nothing were wrong with him before.
(He passes on as if he had never invoked Us for a harm that touched him!) Allah then criticized and condemned those who have these qualities or act this way, so He said:
(Thus it is made fair seeming to the wasteful that which they used to do.) But those on whom Allah has bestowed good guidance and support are an exception.
(Except those who have patience believe and do righteous good deeds.) ﴿11:11﴾ The Prophet said:
(How wonderful is the case of a believer; there is good for him in everything and this is not the case with anyone except a believer. If prosperity attends him, he expresses gratitude to Allah, and that is good for him. And if adversity befalls him, he endures it patiently and that is also good for him.)
(10:12) And (such is man that) when an affliction befalls him, he cries out to Us, reclining and sitting and standing. But no sooner than We have removed his affliction, he passes on as though he had never cried out to Us to remove his affliction. Thus it is that the misdeeds of the transgressors are made fair-seeming to them.
There is no commentary by Abul Maududi available for this verse.
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